Garbage collection and TRIM for SSDs

Non-volatile Flash memory is increasingly used in harsh environments like factories where severe
vibration can impact operability. SSDs are more robust than traditional HDDs, offering better energy
efficiency, longer lifespans, faster access times, and better read performance.

However, Flash memory is a write-once and bulk-erase form of data storage. This requires a garbage collection mechanism that sorts good data into available blocks. This ensure efficient disk usage but can reduce performance if not managed correctly.

At this point we need to explain a bit more how flash memory is organized in SSDs and how data gets written or erased. 

• Memory in SSDs is usually managed in blocks and pages. 
• One block consists of several pages. 
• Data will be written page by page but can only be erased as block unit.